My Tuesdays With Morrie Essays - Self-help Books, Morrie Schwartz

My Tuesdays With Morrie Kelly Kleinhesselink Teacher Kramer Essential Writing 20 November 2000 My Tuesdays with Morrie Mitch Albom, creator of Tuesdays with Morrie, is flipping through his TV stations one night and he heard these words originate from his TV set, Who is Morrie Schwartz? Also, Mitch went numb. Mitch discovered through the TV show Nightline that his deep rooted companion and educator is passing on and Mitch realizes that he needs to take a quick trip and see him. Mitch goes to see his old school teacher and what begins as a one-day meeting transforms into a four-month class. The class is directed in Morries house in the suburb or Boston, there are no books or some other understudies, just Mitch and Morrie. All through this class Morrie educates Mitch the exercises of life; exercises, for example, demise, dread, maturing, covetousness, marriage, family, society, pardoning, and a significant life. As Morries conditions compound, Mitchs condition is improving; Mitch is improving as an individual. At long last Morries life reaches a conclusion, and Mitch moves on from Life 101. I felt the seeds of death inside his withering casing, and as I laid him in his seat, changing his head on the cushion, I had the coldest acknowledgment that our time was running out (59). That is the thing that Mitch, a diary essayist for the Detroit Free Press, said as he lifted his old school educator from his wheelchair to his chair. Morrie Schwartz is kicking the bucket from ALS, also called Lou Gehrig infection. As the book goes on, Morrie connects with individuals who need to talk and he shows them the genuine exercises of life, while he is lying on his deathbed. Tuesdays With Morrie is a brilliant book in light of the fact that Morrie instructs Mitch exercises about marriage, ravenousness, and family that youthful grown-ups can gain from. Love one another or perish(149). This statement summarizes all of Morries perspectives and convictions on the subject of marriage and love. I feel that youthful grown-ups can take in a major exercise from this short statement. Love and marriage are significant on the grounds that we as a whole need somebody to cherish and to adore back, on the off chance that we dont we will live a desolate and miserable life. There is a lot of decides that Morrie expressed in this book I feel youthful grown-ups could gain so much from. Morrie said that, your going to experience a ton of difficulty on the off chance that you dont regard the other individual in the event that you dont now how to bargain in the event that you cannot speak straightforwardly about what goes on between you on the off chance that you dont have a typical arrangement of qualities in life(149). What's more, the greatest one of those qualities is your faith in the significance of your marriage. I imagine that everything that M orrie says in that entry is exceptionally obvious. At the point when he discusses in the event that you dont realize how to bargain, at that point you will experience a great deal of difficulty. In the event that you cannot work and surrender a few things to cause things to prevail with the individual that you love then you will have a great deal of issues. I truly feel that youthful grown-ups can gain so much from that section just as all through the book about marriage. Another issue that Morrie converses with Mitch about that I feel youthful grown-ups can gain from is eagerness, and how we as individuals put our qualities in an inappropriate things. I likewise feel this is valid in todays society. We do place our qualities in an inappropriate things, we put our qualities in cash, vehicles, fabrics, and numerous others, however we as a whole realize that that is an inappropriate spot to put our heart. Im sure that we have all heard the statement, When we kick the bucket, you cannot take it with you (124). Since this has been referenced so much I dont need to go top to bottom about it, however I truly feel this is valid, we have to understand that we cannot take our material things with us when we pass on. What I gained from this part is an individual doesnt experience as long as they can remember placing their qualities in an inappropriate things and afterward when you get more established understand that they where wrong and ought to have

World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World War II - Essay Example The war predominantly caused numerous monetary outcomes that brought about some influenced nations lingering behind being developed to the degree of not recapturing their financial force even numerous years after the war. The fundamental birthplace of this war was the production of the German-Japanese-Italian coalition in the mid 1930s. The development of this union was with sole aim of growing their limits by overcoming their more vulnerable neighbors. The more established pioneer powers, for example, Britain, Holland, and France were not intrigued by this move from their adversaries. Italy and German had gone into the pioneer scramble like their opponents but since they grew late, they did not have the best domains that were deliberately positioned. The little regions they figured out how to procure didn't fulfill their expanding requests to extend their limits because of the little monetary criticalness that the domains had. Pressure stimulate as the Triple Alliance, Germany, Italy, Japan and Hungary needed to extend their regions using any and all means conceivable regardless of whether it was by vanquishing the Triple Entente’s, Britain, France and Russia, domains. The Triple Alliance need ed to overcome these regions due monetary reasons. The greater part of these regions were plentiful in minerals, for example, gold, jewel, and silver. These regions additionally had rich and fruitful terrains that the Triple Alliance acknowledged would be valuable to develop crops that would give crude materials to their industrial facilities (McDonough, 1997). After the First World War, there was a basic breakdown in the worldwide installments framework. The creation levels in numerous nations fell, accordingly influencing the worldwide exchange. Rich minerals, for example, gold was just packed in the possession of the business people countries, for example, Britain, USA, France and their partners. Notwithstanding the way that they had a lot of gold, these particular countries were likewise in charge of significant assets and crude materials everywhere throughout the world. This financial factor prompted a

An Overview of Lingua Franca and Pidgins

An Overview of Lingua Franca and Pidgins Over the span of geographic history, investigation and exchange have made different populaces of individuals come into contact with one another. Since these individuals were of various societies and therefore communicated in various dialects, correspondence was frequently troublesome. Throughout the decades however, dialects changed to reflect such associations and gatherings some of the time created lingua francas and pidgins. A most widely used language is a language utilized by various populaces to impart when they don't share a typical language. For the most part, a most widely used language is a third language that is unmistakable from the local language of the two gatherings associated with the correspondence. Once in a while as the language turns out to be progressively across the board, the local populaces of a territory will talk the most widely used language to one another too. A pidgin is a streamlined form of one language that joins the jargon of various dialects. Pidgins are regularly simply utilized between individuals from various societies to impart for things like exchange. A pidgin is unmistakable from a most widely used language in that individuals from similar populaces once in a while use it to converse with each other. It is likewise imperative to take note of that since pidgins create out of inconsistent contact among individuals and is a rearrangements of various dialects, pidgins by and large have no local speakers. The Lingua Franca Arabic was another early most widely used language to create due to the sheer size of the Islamic Empire going back to the seventh Century. Arabic is the local language of the people groups from the Arabian Peninsula however its utilization spread with the domain as it ventured into China, India, portions of Central Asia, the Middle East, Northern Africa, and parts of Southern Europe. The empire’s huge size shows the requirement for a typical language. Arabic likewise filled in as the most widely used language of science and discretion during the 1200s in light of the fact that, around then, a larger number of books were written in Arabic than some other language. The utilization of Arabic as a most widely used language and others, for example, the sentiment dialects and Chinese at that point proceeded with worldwide since the beginning as they made it simpler for various gatherings of individuals in various nations to convey. For instance, until the eighteenth Century, Latin was the primary most widely used language of European researchers as it permitted simple correspondence by individuals whose local dialects included Italian and French. During the Age of Exploration, lingua francas likewise assumed a huge job in permitting European wayfarers to lead exchange and other significant correspondences in the different nations wherein they went. Portuguese was the most widely used language of strategic and exchange relations territories like beach front Africa, bits of India, and even Japan. Other lingua francas created during this time also since universal exchange and correspondence was turning into a significant part to about each territory of the globe. Malay, for example, was the most widely used language of Southeast Asia and was utilized by Arab and Chinese dealers there preceding the appearance of the Europeans. When they showed up, individuals like the Dutch and British utilized Malay to speak with the local people groups. Current Lingua Francas Joined Nations The Pidgin So as to make a pidgin, there should be normal contact between the individuals communicating in various dialects, there should be a purpose behind correspondence, (for example, exchange), and there ought to be an absence of another effectively open language between the two gatherings. Likewise, pidgins have a particular arrangement of qualities that cause them to contrast from the first and second dialects spoken by the pidgin engineers. For instance, the words utilized in a pidgin language need enunciations on action words and things and have no evident articles or words like conjunctions. What's more, not many pidgins utilize complex sentences. Along these lines, a few people describe pidgins as broken or disorganized dialects. Despite its apparently disordered nature however, a few pidgins have made due for ages. These incorporate the Nigerian Pidgin, the Cameroon Pidgin, Bislama from Vanuatu, and Tok Pisin, a pidgin from Papua, New Guinea. These pidgins depend essentially on English words. Every now and then, long-enduring pidgins likewise become all the more broadly utilized for correspondence and venture into everybody. At the point when this occurs and the pidgin is sufficiently utilized to turn into the essential language of a zone, it is not, at this point thought about a pidgin yet is rather called a creole language. A case of a creole incorporates Swahili, which became out of Arabic and Bantu dialects in eastern Africa. The language Bazaar Malay, spoken in Malaysia is another model. Lingua francas, pidgins, or creoles are critical to geology in light of the fact that each speaks to a long history of correspondence between different gatherings of individuals and is a significant check of what was occurring at the time the language created. Today, lingua francas particularly yet additionally pidgins speak to an endeavor to make generally comprehended dialects in a world with developing worldwide communications.

Chinese Buddhism essays

Chinese Buddhism articles There is proof of Buddhists in China as ahead of schedule as the third century, however Buddhism was not famous in China for quite a long time. Buddhism was most likely presented after the Han head Ming Ti had a fantasy of a flying brilliant god that was deciphered as a dream of the Buddha. After this fantasy, the sovereign sent emissaries to India who came back to China with the Sutra in Forty-two Sections. It is kept in a sanctuary outside the capital of Lo-yang. Buddhism was brought to China from the exchange courses of Southeast Asia, and developed gradually. Buddhism originally got well known in China during the Han line, and was loaded with enchanted practices, similar to the famous Chinese Taoism. The principal Chinese Buddhists instructed that the spirit was indestructible. Nirvana was the conviction of interminability and harmony. They additionally showed karma, which showed the individuals to be caring. There was consistently an association among Taoism and Buddhism until the finish of the Han administration. Everyone accepted that Lao-tzu, had been reawakened in India as the Buddha. Numerous Chinese sovereigns venerated Lao-tzu and the Buddha on the equivalent change. The main interpretations of Buddhist sutras into Chinese utilized a Taoist jargon so the Chinese could comprehend it better. One of the most significant reasons why Buddhism developed in China during this period was a direct result of interpretation. The most significant interpreter was a savvy priest named Kumarajiva who had considered the Hindu Vedas, the mysterious sciences, stargazing, and the Hinayana and Mahayana sutras. During the fifth and sixth hundreds of years Buddhist schools were begun in China and India. Buddhism was getting exceptionally ground-breaking in China, there had been a huge increment in the priest populace, and Buddhism was getting mainstream with the everyday citizens. At the point when the Sui line was begun in China, Buddhism turned into the official religion. The brilliant time of Buddhism in China happened during the T'ang line. Despite the fact that the T'ang rulers were normally Taoists, they f ... <!

The Alchemist free essay sample

The Alchemist A Fable About Following Your Dreams. By Paulo Coelho l. Life of the Author Paulo Coelho was conceived on 1947, Brazilian essayist, most popular for enchanted tales told in basic yet representative language. He has gotten wide well known praise both in Brazil and universally for his work about otherworldly journeys of self-disclosure. Written in Portuguese, Coelhos books have been converted into numerous dialects. Coelho was conceived in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Worried about his high school disobedience and want to be an essayist, his folks sent him to a psychological establishment, where he got electroconvulsive treatment (ECT). In 1970 Coelho dropped out of graduate school and went around South America, North America, and Europe. He came back to Brazil in 1972 and composed verses for a few melodies that got well known in that nation. After two years he was captured by the military for supposed antigovernment action. Following his discharge Coelho turned into an account official for CBS Records in Brazil, yet in the wake of losing his Job in 1980 he continued his itinerant way of life. (79). Through Santiagos intellectually speedy and inspirational ways, he can accomplish any test given to him. 3. A minor character in The Alchemist, Melchizedek, assumes a colossal job in Santiagos venture. Melchizedek, a King from Salem, rouses Santiago to seek after in his legend and to not stop. He is a shrewd and insightful King who caused Santiago to understand that he ought to always remember the little things throughout everyday life. All things considered, there is just one suggestion I can give you, said the smartest of astute men. The mystery of satisfaction is to see all the wonders of the world, and never to overlook the drops of oil on the spoon. (55). Melchizedek needs to instruct Santiago to consistently concentrate on the littler things in life since they are similarly as significant than the greater things throughout everyday life. The Englishman, a man from Europe, came to Egypt to find a chemist who knows the Universal language. He wants to peruse, and is extremely brilliant. Santiago meets the Englishman as the two of them made a beeline for a spot in Egypt, Al-Foyum. The Shopkeeper is an extremely liberal Muslim dealer who possesses a little gem shop up the slope from a little market. The retailer, a persevering man, doesn't care for change and has dreams yet doesn't seek after in them. He utilizes the fantasies to keep him inspired and live solid. 4. The glass shop in Africa is a significant setting in this novel since it assists Santiago with recovering financially and understand that he is going to locate his own legend. The purpose of this setting is to do investigate something new throughout everyday life and that the old undertakings will consistently be there to depend on in the event that he at any point fizzled. The desert assumes an immense job in the setting of this book since it uncovers the trouble of overcoming your own legend. The desert is an interminable territory that is everlasting. The desert is additionally a spot where a great deal of excursions start and end. For instance, Santiago headed out through the desert to get to the pyramids where as the Englishman halted his excursion to remain in the desert to become familiar with the methods of Alchemy. The desert spring, or safe spot is the place Santiago meets the Alchemist and Fatima, the lady he needs to consume his endless time on earth with. The desert garden is viewed as an unbiased area in light of the fact that numerous ladies and youngsters live there. This is the place Santiago learns the language of the world. 5. Initial, one significant image is speculative chemistry. Speculative chemistry is applicable to Santiago since it is the possibility of a base metal discovering its own legend and to change over itself into gold. Santiago experiences a similar procedure of the Alchemy. Santiago is the base metal discovering its own legend and after he discovers it he will end up being an exceptionally rich man simply like the metal got rich gold. Furthermore, another key image is Santiagos sheep. The sheep represents the possibility of the story and how a few people don't locate their own legend. The sheep just thinks about eating and drinking and their endorsement on the planet, they couldn't care less about investigating the world or seeking after into new things. 6. The predominant subject in The Alchemist is the focal point of all close to home legends. In the book, The Alchemist, individual legend is the method of carrying on with a prosperous life and that you can be effective in the event that you put your brain, body, and heart into it. The possibility that Paulo Coelho needs the perusers to gain from his book is to follow your heart, any place it might take you, and overcome everything you could ever want regardless of whether you go over a difficult snag in life you ought to never stop on what you need to achieve. For instance, Santiagos guardians needed him to be a minister however he didnt need to, rather he turned into a Shepard so he could venture to the far corners of the planet and experience new things throughout everyday life. In spite of the fact that Santiago confronted numerous impediments en route, he was still unassuming and never surrendered his expectation. This applies in todays life on the grounds that there are billions and billions on the planet today who have splendid dreams, yet cant seek after them due to disease, low salary, they are worried about the possibility that that they will come up short or their physical handicaps may impact them. In the event that individuals would simply be sure and persevering enough, at that point they would have the option to locate their own legend. 7. Initially, I get sheep; they are not, at this point an issue, and they can be acceptable friends. On the other hand, I dont know whether the desert can be an old buddy, and its in the desert that I need to scan for my fortune. On the off chance that I dont discover it, I can generally return home. I at last have enough cash, and all the time I need why not? (95). This statement is said by Santiago. This statement constructed the novel of the entire story since this statement its what gave Santiago the inspiration to continue discovering his legend. Everything that happens once can never happen again. In any case, everything that happens twice will clearly happen a third time. (209). This statement is essential to the scene in light of the fact that the Alchemist realized Santiago would be looted. So he gave him additional aiding of gold. â€Å"And, when you need something, all the universe schemes in helping you to accomplish it. † (42). Ruler Melchizedek said this statement. Its critical to this novel all in all on the grounds that numerous individuals guided Santiago on his excursion: The precious stone trader, The Alchemist, and Fatima. 8. I unequivocally trust Santiagos most troublesome impediment on his excursion to accomplishing his own legend is the point at which he was looted in Tangier by a man that consented to help him to Egypt. Santiago went from being an affluent man in the wake of selling his rush, to a poor man instantly. The peruser realizes this happens when the storyteller clarifies, He was not, at this point a Shepard, and he didn't have anything, not in any case the cash to return and begin everything once again. (63). Santiago, be that as it may, had the option to overcome this test when he took Urim and Thummim, the two shakes that King Melchizedek removed from his brilliant bosom plates. â€Å"They’re called Urim and Thummim, and they can assist you with reading the signs. † (65). These stones gave him the certainty to proceed with his experience and look for his own legend.

Beginners Guide to Living a Super Minimalistic Life

Beginners Guide to Living a Super Minimalistic Life If you’d like to change your lifestyle from high-consumption to a happier and less material driven way of life, a minimalist lifestyle could be the answer. © Shutterstock.com | PavelShynkarouIn this guide, we’ll equip you with an understanding of minimalism and the basic principles of a minimalist life. We’ll highlight the benefits of this approach and provide you with a five-step plan to a super minimalistic life.WHAT IS A MINIMALISTIC LIFE?Minimalistic life is often misunderstood as a wacky fad. When people hear someone is living a minimalist life, they think the person doesn’t have a TV, a computer or almost any other household item (if they even have a house!).Furthermore, people who lead a minimalist lifestyle are considered idealistic hippies, who don’t understand their privilege.But none of the above is actually true. So, what is minimalism about?What is minimalism?In essence, minimalism is a lifestyle to rid yourself of life’s excesses in favour of focusing on the aspects most important for you.Therefore, minimalism doesn’t have an ultimate list of things to discard. Each person defines minimalism differently and th e excesses and areas of focus can differ from person to person.Minimalism does typically, however, result in a lifestyle with the following characteristics:Less: clutter, time commitments, negative thought patterns and toxic relationshipsMore: time, space and energy to focus on things that are meaningful to the personTo some, minimalism might mean living in a tent without a TV and a smartphone. But minimalism is also for the people who live a perfectly ‘normal’ life with work, family and hobbies, but who just want to cut down on the non-essentials. To them, owning many clothes, having the newest sports car and eating out can be non-essentials, while the person in the tent might consider even a house a non-essential.A minimalistic life will give you happiness once you know your lifes purpose (see slides)[slideshare id=55235718doc=life-purpose-151118042333-lva1-app6891w=640h=330]It’s easy to assume minimalism is all about possessions. To a certain extent, this is true, as you’ ll most likely reduce the amount of physical possessions once you choose to lead a minimalistic life. But it’s not just about the possessions, but also about the people and activities in your life that are of no real value.Ultimately, minimalism is about finding freedom in life. Living a minimalistic lifestyle is the freedom from guilt, consumption and worry, for example. It’s about figuring out the things, people and activities which provide you the most value and happiness, and removing the things, people and activities from your life which you don’t actually need.Minimalism is about making choices consciously, rather than letting other people or society tell us what to do or value. It can help add more intention to your everyday life, as you’ll consciously think about your choices and focus on the most important aspects of life.A Swedish proverb highlights the ideas behind minimalism quite well:“Fear less, hope more; eat less, chew more; whine less, breathe more; talk l ess, say more; love more, and all good things will be yours.”This is the story of how two guys created a  rich life with less stuff. The basic principles of minimalismWhile a minimalistic life will look different from one person to the other, there are certain guiding principles you should use to get started. You should focus on three things: removing needless things, nurturing the essentials, and making your actions count.Removing needless thingsAs mentioned above, removing needless things doesn’t equal to omitting everything or throwing away your possessions. The focus is on the word ‘needless’ and the definition you apply to this word. You need to identify the things and actions in your life, which you need and value.In minimalism, you want to objectively look at each item and consider its true meaning and value to you. To some it might mean removing possessions such as fancy furniture or downsizing to a smaller apartment, while others might focus on reducing their wardro be or shoe collection.Identifying needless things might not be as easy as it sounds. We tend to place a lot of sentimental value to things, as well as think about the future possibilities. For example, it’s easy to look at your bread maker and convince yourself you might need it in the future. The key is to identify the reasons you value the specific item and understand whether you actually need it.Notice that having less doesn’t mean you can’t have things or even add new items to your life. It’s only about identifying the things you actually require and which add to your overall happiness.Here are some things you could leave away.[slideshare id=31111976doc=20thingstodeleteoutfromyourlife-140212011755-phpapp02w=640h=330]Nurturing the essentialsMinimalism’s basic principles also include nurturing the essentials. These naturally include life’s necessities such as food, water and shelter. But you’ll also have other essentials important to yourself.Identify the essentials by asking yourself:What is important to me?What makes me happy?By making a note of the things that have the biggest impact on your happiness and wellbeing, you can start nurturing these aspects of your life more. You’ll most likely also identify the needless aspects of your possessions and actions.Remember to look at the above questions through both your private and work life. Minimalism isn’t just about living a minimalistic lifestyle at home in your private space, but also about identifying the essentials in your career.Making your actions countThe final principle deals with making your actions count. You want to start avoiding things that don’t matter to you or add to your wellbeing and happiness.Every action you take and every purchase you make should have a meaning behind it. These actions should have a positive impact on your life.Making your actions count is largely about sustainability as well. It’s not just about the short-term impact or happiness, but the long-term impact.A new car might make you happy for a month, but after a year, you might be sick of the sight of it.Instead of looking for the short-term reward and impact, you want to find the items and actions that continue to have an effect long into the future.THE BENEFITS OF A MINIMALISTIC LIFESTYLEThe above is interesting and great, but you might be wondering why you should embark on a minimalistic lifestyle? Is there any benefit to getting rid of needless things and focusing on the essentials? After all, what harm can that extra bread maker do in your cupboard?There are three big reasons for choosing minimalism:It helps define what is important and meaningful for you. By understanding what you are truly interested and passionate about, you can direct your life towards these goals. You’ll start pursuing your passion and spend your time and energy on meaningful activities. All of which can help eliminate discontent. You’re not spending your workday mindlessly calculating profits, bu t you go out and develop ideas and concepts you are excited and passionate about.It provides you more freedom. Minimalism can free you from pursuing things that aren’t essential for you. You stop seeking things and actions with artificial status. For instance, you don’t feel compelled to buy the car just so your neighbors would consider you rich, as you understand this doesn’t provide you real happiness. Furthermore, you can often enjoy deeper financial freedom. You’ll stop buying things and participating in activities that require money, yet don’t provide you happiness and meaning. Extra money might lead to you working less, as you don’t require money to stay happy and pay for things you don’t even need or value. Minimalistic lifestyle is a key concept of the early retirement extreme movement. The movement is about people who want to retire in their 30s and 40s, and spend the rest of their time in pursuing other meaningful routes in life.Your experience of things and actions is different. Minimalism can help you live in the moment. Instead of chasing the future where your dreams have come true, you focus on the here and now. We’re often too focused on thinking if we’d only do this and buy that, we’d be happy, when most of us would feel blessed if we just looked around us. Since the focus is on wellbeing and happiness, you are also going to focus on your body and mind more. You’ll feel happier and healthier living in this moment.Check out the below video’s interesting take on minimalism and the advantages it has. THE STEPS TO A SUPER MINIMALISTIC LIFEIf you’d like to embark on a minimalistic lifestyle, you need to first understand the journey will not always be easy. You’ll struggle at times and you might even fall back from your minimalistic lifestyle.But don’t let minor sidesteps distract or discourage you. A minimalistic lifestyle is a journey that involves revision and rethinking.You can use the following five steps as a guide to starting out. They will help you focus on the basic principles of minimalism and define the kind of minimalistic lifestyle you’d want to achieve.Step one: Become content with what you haveThe key to starting a minimalistic lifestyle relies on the acknowledgement that you already have enough. This isn’t so much about giving up things, but the understanding you don’t need to keep acquiring things in order to feel satisfied.You should identify the things you need and which make you happy. You want to break out of the consumption cycle, which tells you that if you just bought those shoes or went to a dinner in the fancy restaurant, you’d be happier or more content. Look at the things you are wishing to have; do you need them to be happier?It’s important to learn to be content with what you already have. To find happiness in the things you already have and the actions you are able to do. By breaking the cycle of needing and wanting more, you’ll start moving towards minima lism because you understand the truly important things in life.Learning to be content with the present will help you identify the essentials and the needless things in your life. For example, you can realise you love running and it gives you happiness, even if you aren’t wearing the newest running shoes.Some inspiring insights from Mark and Kym on how to be happy with what you have. Step two: Understand what are your personal real necessitiesWhen you are content about the things you love, you can also start identifying the personal necessities. In essence, people need food, water, basic clothing, shelter and love to survive. All the other items we gather around us are an additional bonus.This doesn’t mean you need to just have the above items and get rid of everything else. It just forces you to examine the importance of things more carefully.It’s easy to overestimate the value of items or actions. We can think, for instance, that we need to be at work an hour before others ju st to get things ready. But is this a necessity? Does it provide you meaning and happiness to do so?Food could provide another example. A number of people consider meat to be a necessity, even though there’s evidence to suggest you can get the required nutrients elsewhere. Furthermore, even if you don’t want to cut down eating meat, you could consider whether it is necessary to eat it five or seven days a week? Perhaps, eating meat on two days of the week would be enough to make you content.Create a list of the things and actions that have the biggest impact on your health and wellbeing, both in your personal and business life. This will provide you clarity to start stripping off all the other unnecessary things and actions from your life.Step three: De-clutter your lifeOnce you are clear about the necessities and you have a list of the most precious things and actions to your happiness and wellbeing, you can start removing the non-meaningful items.De-cluttering your life can so und like a big thing to do and you definitely don’t want to overwhelm yourself by trying to sort out everything at once. Consider clearing your possessions one room at a time, for example. With actions, try to get rid of the most meaningless and unnecessary actions first.When you are thinking of removing an item from your life, use the following questions as a guide:When have you last used the item? Why did you use it then?Does the item make you feel stressed or happy?Does the item help you save time or use your time better?Is it expensive to maintain or store this item?The answers can help you understand whether the item has meaning or need in your life. If it causes stress, costs a lot to maintain and doesn’t serve a purpose, there’s no point in holding on to it.The above questions are helpful whether you are cleaning the house from clothes, accessories, furniture or even re-organizing your office.Once you start de-cluttering, you are likely to encounter items you find hard to let go, even if you haven’t used them or they don’t have a specific purpose. If you are afraid to let go of an item, analyze why you feel this way?Do you feel anxious because you think you might need the item?Does the item have a lot of sentimental value to you?Did you spend a lot of money acquiring the item and by throwing it away, you feel you are wasting the money?Once you understand the reason behind your need to hold on, you can find a solution to the problem. For example:Have a special box for items you think you might need. If you don’t take the specific item out in the next six months, you don’t need it and you should get rid of it.If the item has sentimental value, consider writing down a short description of the item, perhaps behind a photograph of it. You can write down the memories you have and the importance of the item. This way you can still have the memory and enjoy the item, but you won’t have it gathering dust in the attic.If throwing away an expensive item feels like wasting money, consider selling the item forward or giving it to charity. Think how you’ll be able to make someone else happy with your purchase and you won’t feel as bad.Step four: Simplify the things you doAs well as de-cluttering your life from unnecessary possessions, you should also simplify the things you do. You don’t want to lead a complicated life, with commitments you don’t find meaningful and tasks that don’t add to your happiness.Start by reducing the amount of commitments you have, both in private and business life.In work, define the most meaningful aspects of reaching your goals and objectives and focus on them. For instance, not all business meetings are necessary for achieving a goal. Whenever you are about to add a new commitment, consider whether it truly brings you closer to the end goal. Is it meaningful?The same applies to your private life. Is it worth going to the family gathering, if you always return feeling anxious and depressed? Does going out with friends to drink provide meaning to your life? Perhaps you could limit the family gatherings you go to or meet your friends without also drinking.Remember, the aim is to focus on doing things that provide you meaning and happiness, not the things society or friends expect you to do.You also need to clear your schedule from events and actions that have no meeting. Ensure your schedule has empty space for doing the things you love the most and which are the most meaningful to you.This also includes including relaxation time â€" a moment when you do absolutely nothing but gather your thoughts.Clean your to-do list by using the principle of focusing on only the essentials. For each day, pick three tasks that are essential and have high-impact on making the day a success and moving you closer to achieving a goal.Step five: Reassess your approach regularlyFinally, as mentioned above, a minimalistic lifestyle requires constant evaluation and readjustment. This isn’t even down to you necessarily failing or doing something wrong. Our lives can simply take new turns and our own passions might change from one to another.Evaluate your approach to minimalism once a year. Go through the above steps regularly to ensure you don’t lose sight of the essentials or gather too much needless possessions and actions. If you feel things have changed, simply adjust your approach and keep moving forwards.

Term Paper Help Scholarship Abroad

BLOG In: Services The paid writing services open all the opportunities for you to get the highest grade among your fellow students. We are ready to provide you all the resources we have. The number of our services is unlimited. Most of the types of essays existed can be ordered on star-writers.org. The best writers will write your paper in accordance with all the standards of academic writing and without any grammatical mistakes. For those who already wrote an essay but want to check whether all the above mention standards are met order editing service. However, not only students can benefit from our services. A winning motivation letter or a good resume is also a part of our program. Moreover, for such type of services, we have special packages including CV, LinkedIn profile, business plan, interview question etc. If you really want to get the applied job, our services might help you to show all the skills and knowledge you have. Our support agents can give you a hand if you confused with our service s and provide a discount. Our company created all the required measures for the customer to place the order, get a well-written paper and place another order. Thats why custom essay and thesis writing online we provide are of the high-quality. Also in this section: Pay To Write Paper And Be Satisfied With Result Choose Product In The Best Essay Writing Company How Can I Rewrite My Paper Custom Research Paper Writing Service: Major Advantages Just Do My Assignment For Me Write My Essay Quickly And Cheap 7 Tips on How to Find Best College Assignments Help Online Editing Essays It Is Easier Than You Think The term papers help for students who want to study abroad and have all the knowledge and skills to succeed. Today the question of how to get a grant or a scholarship for studying abroad is on the issue of the day. Primarily, you need to choose your program, your university and get acquainted with all the offered opportunities. However, there are a specific set of features obligatory for any scholarship abroad: Follow the same direction choosing the program for your scholarship, in other words, if you are a journalist, keep it that way; You have to be one of the best in the group; A foreign language should be mastered on the sufficient level to communicate properly; Obligatory requirement is a couple of scientific paper published; Be confident that youll succeed. Information about scholarships and grants abroad is on the website of the university you are going to send your papers. If this information is not available, but you can contact the Office of Financial Aid or International Office (foreign students department) and ask what types of financial assistance you can qualify for. If you could not find information about grants, scholarships and other types of financial aid on the university's website, contact the government websites of the country where you intend to apply your candidacy. As a rule, the government provides financial supply for the students who want to study in their country. If your target country is the USA, this essay written by our writers contains enough information to achieve your goal If you were able to find information on the scholarships or grants offered on the faculty or university website, carefully read the requirements for submitting documents and to the applicants themselves. Find on the website the chosen program or organization that offers it, the application form, the list of required documents and the deadline for the application. Carefully fill in the application form, try to answer all the question stated in it. A well-filled form is also a great part of your success. An approximate list of documents In order to receive scholarships or grants for study abroad it is necessary: 1. A copy of your diploma from the university with a list of courses and assessments. These documents must be translated into a foreign language and certified. Some universities may require a notarized translation, other universities, simply carefully read the requirements. 2. Resume: it should be an academic resume, not a job application. You should describe your duties at work, internships (preferably even if the achievements are described), awards and bonuses, scholarships received, volunteer projects experience, scientific papers published, or laboratory working experience if it took place. It would be great if you will find a person who can check your documents to eliminate all the grammatical mistakes. There shouldnt be any. We hope this resume analysis and examples will help you with your own one. It should be noted that grants for study abroad require: Your name translated into the foreign language should be the same with the one written in your passport; When you write a phone number, do not forget to include the country and city codes; Indicate your nationality; Provide your email address. Providing correct date you guarantee your success since the board can easily contact you in case of any problems or questions arisen. There is no need to include unnecessary information. Provide only facts that can give you a certain benefit over other candidates. Your essay or motivation letter An essay on studying abroad (motivation letter). It makes up an important part of your application for the board. As a rule, 500 is a minimal number of words in your essay. The high-quality English grammar and spelling checker for those who want a perfect motivation letter without any mistakes. The motivation letter consists of a short introduction with a brief description of your topic, body with your statements and pros and cons of studying abroad and conclusion with your own opinion on this point. In the first part, it is usually recommended indicating your academic and/or professional achievements, in the second part include your motivation to study in this very university: Why do you want to study in the chosen country/university, at this faculty? What exactly do you want to learn and why? Why should you be given a scholarship and how will you use the given opportunity? How / where do you want to apply the acquired knowledge (skills), etc.? We are good at editing and proofreading of college papers and we are ready to provide our services with good discounts. You might need this kind of service since most people made the same mistakes writing an essay. However, we will help you to get rid of them. How to pass your interview successfully? Participation in the competition for certain types of scholarships and grants for study abroad have to pass an interview with the board. Usually, if you were to an interview, then the first stage of the contest is passed. How to pass the interview successfully? There are a couple of recommendations: Take care of the correct outlook, be friendly and polite. It is a very important feature of a winning strategy. Easy tips and tricks for you how to become more polite and improve your communication skills. Dont forget to make copies of all documents; the most important ones are a resume and a motivation letter. Get ready to answer all the questions about your education, work, scientific achievements and plans (projects) you described in your resume and motivation letter. The major question you should answer is how you will use provided opportunity and what you will achieve by means of this scholarship. If you passed all the steps successfully and provided all the necessary documents, you will get an email that your candidacy was chosen to get a scholarship and study abroad. Unfortunately, there is a limited number of scholarships provided and only the best ones get it. Generally, only those who have plans for future, those who are ready to take this opportunity and milk it for all it's worth win the grant. Critical thinking might be also a necessary feature for your application, so this essay is also a good opportunity for you to know more about it There are also a couple of advantages that should be mentioned in the context of above-mentioned ones. Your deadline is dogma for us. We have a group of admins that punish our employees if they violate any of our rules since our mistake can cause a lot of problems for you. We clearly understand that. Any plagiarism issues are forbidden and all our writers know that. Disobedience is punished by fines and firing. 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Dr. Martin Luther Kings Best Piece Of Literature - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 824 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/23 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Letter From Birmingham Jail Essay Did you like this example? Dr. Martin Luther King once said on a speech, I refuse to accept the view that mankind is so tragically bound to the starless midnight of racism and war that the bright daybreak of peace and brotherhood can never become a realityI believe that unarmed truth and unconditional love will have the final word. Love can solve everything has always been Dr. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dr. Martin Luther Kings Best Piece Of Literature" essay for you Create order Martin Luther Kings belief. He believed that everyone is equal. He wanted to take a stand against the racial injustice that was happening in Birmingham and everywhere else in the nation. He would not stop fighting no matter what happened, even if he had to retaliate blows from the police. His way of protesting for justice was respectful but yet motivating, he also managed to make a huge impact in the way the Americans think of colored people without any violence. He was then criticized for his actions by the Clergymen, he then wrote the Letter from Birmingham Jail in response of their remarks. Throughout his article, Dr. Martin Luther King attempts to persuade his audience via biblical illusions, rhetorical questions and pathos; however, Kingrs sarcastic tone, yet respectful, make his credibility convincing to his audience because he wrote such an inspirational piece of literature. Biblical illusion is a huge part of his letter, it showed his audience that Dr. King is an intellectual person and he knows how to prove his point with biblical facts to make sure that the clergymen and the public understand the purpose of his movement. Throughout the letter, King admits that he felt his goal in life was to carry the gospel of freedom beyond his hometown. In his letter Dr. Martin Luther King quoted, Just as the prophets of the eighth century B.C. left their villages and?carried their thus saith the Lord far beyond the boundaries of their home towns, and just?as the Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far?corners of the Greco Roman world, so I am compelled to carry the gospel of freedom?beyond my own home town( King n. Pag.).Dr. King explains to his audience that he felt he was brought to this Earth to carry the gospel of freedom and free his brothers and sisters from racism. He strongly believed that one day in the future, everyone would get along with each other peacefully. Dr. King also used rhetorical questions throughout his letter to make the reader stop and think about the racism crisis. Most importantly he starts questioning his audience about the different laws that exist. Dr. King states that he agrees with St. Augustine that an unjust law is no law at all. He then starts asking the public how can we differentiate between an unjust law and a just law. In Letter from Birmingham Dr. King asks his audience, Now what is the difference between the two? How does one determine whether a law is just and unjust law?(King n.pag.). After his rhetorical questions he goes more into detail explaining the difference between the two laws. His main point was that a just law is a moral law given by God and an unjust law is a law that is out of harmony with the moral law. Throughout the passage, King uses pathos to make an emotional appeal to his audience. Kings arguments play further into the conscious of his audience to make his point. One powerful example of Kings pull on his audience consciousness is when he has to explain his children about racism: when you suddenly find your tongue twisted and your speech stammering as you seek to explain to your six year old daughter why she cant go to the public amusement park that has just advertised on television, and see tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, and see ominous clouds of inferiority beginning to form in her bitterness toward white people; when you have to concoct an answer for five year old son who is asking: Daddy, why do white people treat colored people so mean? He was demonstrating his audience how hard it would be explaining the meaning of racism to children. Especially explaining them that they would always be treated differently because of the color of their skin. In Conclusion Dr. Martin Luther King persuades his letter through biblical illusions, rhetorical questions and pathos to make his letter more persuasive. All throughout his letter he establishes himself a legitimate authority to his audience. He also gives great examples to justify his actions in the civil rights movement. He answers all the criticism he was getting from the clergymen and from the public in the Letter from Birmingham. He effectively demonstrates the injustice that was occurring in our country. Dr. Martin Luther King indeed made the best piece of literature in our entire history.

Social Responsibility For The Welfare Of Society Essay

Cooke and Mendelson define social responsibility as, ‘the concern for the welfare of society which restrains business from engaging in destructive activities, whatever their immediate profitability and focuses their contributions on the betterment of society’ . Intrinsically, corporate social responsibility (â€Å"CSR†) as Yamusa postulates, involves not just charitable gestures by a company but also the application of internationally recognised best practices of business standards in its operations taking into consideration the dilemma of host communities and government and ensuring that issues of human rights, human capital development and the environment are incorporated into the company s policies and decision-making .Thus, CSR is an issue that borders on economic, legal, ethical, and unrestricted expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time. It requires organizations to adopt a broader view of its responsibilities that includes not only stockholders, but many other participants as well, including employees, the local community, local, state, and federal governments, environmental groups, and other special interest groups. Corporate codes of conduct, community development projects and voluntary social reporting are key tools of CSR employed by multi-national corporations(MNCs); while the areas covered by their CSR initiatives include; human rights, transparency issues, employees welfare, environmental issues, disclosure of information, andShow MoreRelated Social Welfare Past and Present Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Welfare Past and Present Social welfare is an expansive system proposed to maintain the well being of individuals within a society. This paper will explain the progression from the feudal system and church provisions for the poor before the Elizabethan Poor Law to the gradual assumption of the responsibility for the poor by the government. A responsibility assumed not out of humanity and concern for the poor, but as a process of standardizing the ways in which the poor were to be managedRead MoreArguments for and Against Corporate Social Responsibility1004 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is corporate social responsibility? Give arguments for and against social responsibility? Ans. Social Responsibility Social responsibility can be defined as: â€Å"A business’s obligation to follow goals that are good for both organization and society in the long-term, and are not required by law.† Corporate Social Responsibility The term corporate social responsibility came in to common use in the early 1970s. It means the duty of an organization towards society in order to prove itselfRead MoreAn Air Of Controversy Regarding Laws Promoting Personal And Social Responsibility And Individual Freedom1190 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal and social responsibility and individual freedom. After all, there is a dire need for social change in a society that is becoming ever more self-centered and materialistic. This social change might come from laws that encourage some sort of responsibility. For example, in Texas, a future policy for social responsibility could be a ban on texting and driving. Personal responsibility policies could be limits on welfare benefits and childhood immunization requirements. While a welfare reform wouldRead MoreWelfare to Work Programs Essays932 Words   |  4 PagesSocieties for years have preached the theory of individual responsibility as the righteous route for it citizens to pursuit . The worth of a society is often based on the monetary network of individuals. Moreover, in the United States this is the norm to focus on individual responsibility. However, every society is faced with the conflict of poverty that requires some type of social welfare policy. Poverty is not a stranger to the United States and therefore it created program such as welfareRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibilities1373 Words   |  6 PagesCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY The term social responsibility means different things to different people. Generally, corporate social responsibility is the obligation to take action that protects and improves the welfare of society as whole as well as organizational interests. According to the concept of corporate social responsibility, a manager must strive to achieve both organizational and societal goals. Current perspectives regarding the fundamentals of social responsibility of businessesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : A Company s Sense Of Responsibility1366 Words   |  6 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility refers to a company’s sense of responsibility towards the community and environment, in both ecological and social aspects, in which it operates. It may also termed as corporate citizenship and can involve incurring short-term costs that do not provide an immediate financial benefit to the company, but instead of this it promotes positive social and environmental change. According to Cheng (2014) many top executives as well asRead MoreThe Role of the Concept of Need and Inequality Social Policy1527 Words   |  7 PagesFrom the inauguration of state organised welfare the concepts of ‘need’ and inequality have been at the centre of discussions and debates on social policy. Since the 19th century it has widely been accepted that the state has some responsibility towards attempting to fulfil some of civil society’s needs and the needs of those most at risk. Changing definitions and attitudes surround the concepts of need and inequality; this means any discussion of these instantly encapsulates the political and ideologicalRead MoreOverview of Social Responsibility713 Words   |  3 PagesSocial Responsibility Social Responsibility Social concern and responsibility refers to a principle of moral theory that states that any entity has a duty to carry out its action in order to profit community as a whole. It is considered as the obligation of every group or stand-alone individual and has to be done in order to continue with the established equilibrium between the ecological and financial systems. This always results in an opportunity cost; there is a trade-off between contributingRead MoreWelfare Fraud : A Black Woman1289 Words   |  6 Pageswith the help of the media, the label of the black mother who lives on welfare, yet is able to afford a Cadillac. Her name was Linda Taylor, a Chicagoan who was infamously known to changing her name numerous times, participating in welfare fraud, and ultimately living a well-off life based on her scams. The Chicago Tribune was the first to refer to Taylor as being a â€Å"welfare queen.† Media and politics stereotyped the â€Å"welfare queen† as a black wo man who takes advantages of taxpayers and the systemRead MoreThe Issue of Child Welfare999 Words   |  4 PagesThe issue of child welfare is typified in the society mainly because of freedom of choice to be given to the children. There are certain social problems which are discussed frequently in this context. The major problems include the rights of child and access to privileges. It is argued that child is an individual who has no lesser rights than any other individual and he must be given the liberty to enjoy these rights. He must be given food, shelter and clothing without his contribution in the economic

The Levels of Processing Theory by Fergus M Craik Essay

Memory can be defined as the mental system for receiving, encoding, storing, organising, altering and retrieving information (Coon Mitterer, 2012). Many a time one is able to remember something, example how to drive a car, yet they are unable to remember a mathematical formula for an examination. People vary in their ability to remember certain things, and research conducted has proven that even infants differ in their memory abilities (Fagan Singer, 1963). It was discovered by psychologists that memory is not static, but rather it is influenced by ones internal factors and situational happenings to a large effect (Huffman, Vernoy Vernoy, 1997). This essay will attempt to discover which method of study is most suitable, by listing†¦show more content†¦Whereas deep processing comprises of the focus on the meaning of what is being noticed, as well as relating the item to something else (Goldstein, 2008). It is worth noting that although all levels of processing produces som e memory, Craik and Lockhart stated that the deeper the level reached, the stronger ones memory will be (Kretch., et al, 1982). This is because a deeper analysis of meaning enables one to remember information better, due to it being stored in the long term memory very efficiently (Huffman, Vernoy Vernoy, 1997). The linking of new information with existing memories as well as knowledge is known as elaborative encoding (Coon Mitterer, 2012). This is carried out through rehearsal. It is stated that the more something is rehearsed, the easier it is for it to be recognized (Hoeksema., et al, 2009). Through rehearsal, information is integrated with what one already knows, thus making it more memorable (Sternberg Sternberg, 2012). Elaboration is a vital part of studying effectively. This is the factor that enables material to be stored into long term memory (Goldstein, 2008). If new information is linked to information that was previously already stored in the long term memory, through elaboration, it becomes increasing easier for one to remember the new information (Coon Mitterer, 2008). Thus when one studies something that he is already familiar with heShow MoreRelatedThe Original General Model Of Memory Essay1529 Words   |  7 PagesThe original general model of memory was proposed by Rich ard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968. The Attkinson-Shiffrin theory of human memory states that human memory can be classified into three components: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory (Atkinson, Shiffrin, 1968). Sensory memory is where sensory information is brought into memory and maintained by the senses. For instance, when a person perceives an environmental stimulus for a short time before it fades, the objectRead MorePaths Of Bilingual Language Processing Through Phonological Activation1785 Words   |  8 PagesBilingual Language Processing Through Phonological Activation Jayshawn L. Anderson Case Western Reserve University Abstract The proposed study aims to show how bilingual individuals access their native language while reading, speaking, or listening in other language of than their native tongue—commonly referred to as the secondary language. It is unknown what type of whether bilinguals retrieve the spelling or sound of a word when processing language a theirRead MoreWho Are You Calling Old? Negotiating Old Age Identity in the Elderly Consumption Ensemble Michelle Barnhart Àà º Lisa Penaloza18943 Words   |  76 PagesCorvallis, OR 97331 (michelle.barnhart@bus.oregonstate.edu). Lisa Penaloza is professor of ËÅ" marketing, Bordeaux Management School, 680 Cours de la Liberation, 33405 Talence Cedex, France (lisa.penaloza@bem.edu), and advisor, Center for Consumer Culture Theory (3CT), Stockholm University School of Business, Sweden. This research was part of the lead author’s PhD dissertation at the David Eccles School of Business at the University of Utah. The authors would like to than k the members of the lead author’s

Health Care For Transgender Patients Essay - 1918 Words

Regarding access to healthcare, transgender individuals often face the most obstructive barriers when attempting to receive care. Whether they are seeking access to hormones, therapy, general health services, reproductive healthcare, or specialty healthcare, transgender patients typically cannot get what they need without jumping through many hoops or hiding their identities. This occurs especially so in cases of intersecting identities -- where an individual is not just transgender, but is transgender and a person of color, disabled, gay, indigenous, undocumented, poor, etc. These intersecting identities interact in multifaceted ways to produce even more barriers for trans individuals seeking healthcare due to healthcare provider bias, insurance requirements, and doctors’ general unwillingness to help coupled with inaccessibility founded on racism, transphobia, homophobia, mental illness stigmatization, etc. Perhaps the most significant contributing cause of the poor quality of healthcare afforded to transgender patients is the fact that the majority of healthcare providers do not know how to treat trans patients. According to a study done by the Royal College of Nursing, it was discovered that â€Å"78% [of surveyed nursing staff] had not had training on how to care for transgender people, and only 13% of those surveyed said they had felt prepared to meet the needs of trans patients they had cared for† (Duffy, 2016). Additionally, around four out of five staff had â€Å"no trainingShow MoreRelatedGender Transition : Male And Diverse Population Of Patients1168 Words   |  5 PagesGender Transition: Male-to-Female Transgender Patients Nurses serve a wide and diverse population of patients. Identifying and understanding the transgender population is an area of little research and training for nurses. While it is estimated that less than 1% of the population identifies themselves as transgender, it is a population comprising of all races, ethnicities, religions, ages, and socioeconomic backgrounds (American Journal of Nursing, 2014). Society has long discriminated and denigratedRead MoreGender Issues And Health Care Provider Knowledge / Communication997 Words   |  4 PagesGender Issues and Health Care Provider Knowledge/Communication Patient-Provider Communication is a Public Health Problem Public health is concerned with protecting and improving the health of entire populations, whether through education and promotion of healthy lifestyles, research for disease and injury prevention, detection and control of infectious diseases, or changes in public policy.1 The patient-provider encounter is an important point of access between the patient population and the healthcareRead MoreChanging Definitions That Restrict Who Can Visit Veterans1207 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinitions that restrict who can visit veterans in health care settings. This new definition will allow veterans to determine their own visitors (Sharpe Uchendu, 2014). The efforts set forth by the Veterans Administration create an opportunity for more inclusive health services for LGBT individuals outside of the VA. With the abolishment of Don’t Ask Don’t Tell Policies, LBGT veterans are now considered in the services offered at the VA. As the Veterans Health Administration becomes more inclusive, thereRead MoreEthical Theory Of Deontology And Teleology1701 Words   |  7 Pageswrong as it emphasises on consequences determining whether an action is good or bad (Johnstone, 2016). A number of literatures have highlighted that homophobic verbal and physical abuse, discrimination, stigmatisation leads to poor mental health amongst transgender individuals which in turn puts them at a higher risk of suicide (Hillier et al., 2010; Leonard, et al., 2012; Commonwealth of Australia, 2010). This shows that the negative consequences of Jo’s actions can be more severe thus making herRead MoreThe, Or Gender Dysphoria893 Words   |  4 Pageswhom is or is not, in fact, ‘transgender’. As aforementioned, the definition and criteria underwent decades of controversial revisions. Needless-to-say, the diagnosis of gender dysphoria is the primary criteria to be considered for any form of intervention. 8 The World Professional Association for ‘Trans-gender’ Healt h’s standards of care outlined various intervention options available. Psychotherapy, hormone replacement, surgical reassignment and other medical care can be utilized in promoting personalizedRead MoreThe Fathers Private Family Experience868 Words   |  4 Pagessaid yes. He continued to say that it was time for his testosterone shot and his yearly pap smear. I remember that I responded by blinking my eyes and then saying ok. I opened his chart and flipped back about a year’s worth of notes by the primary care physician (PCP) and saw female to male (FTM) hormone replacement therapy and the initial testosterone dosage John was started on. I then realized the awkward silence in the room as I looked through his chart, and apologized to John that I was lookingRead MorePaper1299 Words   |  6 PagesYouth: Making a Lifetime Impact Students who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and other sexual and gender minorities (LGBTQ+) are at high risk for bullying, relationship violence and sexually transmitted infections (STI’s). They are often afraid to speak up for themselves because of prior or anticipated discrimination (Cornelius Whitaker-Brown, 2017). This paper reviews the literature related to risk factors and health care of LGBTQ+ youth, discusses some legal issues related to the topic,Read MoreGender Equality And Its Effects On Society1363 Words   |  6 PagesTaylor, Antony, 2010, p. 474). The term transgender has been used to represent individuals whose gender identity and/or gender expression do not match the biological gender they were born with (Stroumsa, 2014, p. 1). Individuals who choose to transition from their biological gender into their gender identity are faced with multiple barriers especially individuals who have transitioned into females. Being female anywhere is difficult, t herefore being a transgender female is especially difficult. ThereRead MorePresident Trump Is A Disaster For Transgender People1019 Words   |  5 Pages according to the article, â€Å"President Trump is a disaster for transgender people† written by Samantha Allen, given the fact that both Trump and his Vice President, Mike Pence, appear to favor the Religious Freedom Act, repealing Obama Care, and allowing HIV preventative inaction, I argue, and with great reason, that those who will be severely targeted and affected by their political and religious stances will be the entire transgender and transsexual community—a fear that I once assumed was a thingRead MoreCare For Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgenient Care In The Patient1313 Words   |  6 Pagesfor lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender patients has significantly increases since the AIDs epidemic that began in the mid-to-late 70s, it is still not where it needs to be. This is apparent from the fact that LG BT youth have a higher risk of attempting suicide, lesbians are at higher risk of developing cancers, especially breast cancer; and gay men and transgender individuals are at higher risk of HIV and other STDs (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health). As a member of the LGBT+ community

Trompenaars vs. Hofstede Free Essays

string(67) " certain number of members make decisions and take responsibility\." Trompenaars vs. Hofstede 1. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Trompenaars vs. Hofstede or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 Cultural Dimensions of Hofstede and Trompenaars †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Analogies or identities of the cultural dimensions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Differences of the dimensions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Advantages and Risks seeing the world and cultures with dimensions â € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Effects on practice operation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 Personal meaning and consequences of the dimensions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 2. 1. 2. 2. Hofstedes’ Dimensions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Trompenaars’ Dimensions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 1. Introduction Nowadays a lot of companies operate in a multitude of distinct countries. However, if we do a double take, it is evident that multinational enterprises and their strategies differ from country to country. If not, it might be the case that those companies will fail. For example Wal-Mart opted for entering the Japanese market. Unfortunately, they tried implement the American strategy in Japan. Americans were keen on bargain buys in huge amounts 24 hours a day. Whereas the discount strategy in the USA has been very successful, it had adverse effects in Japan. Japanese people equated low prices to low quality and thus didn’t want to buy at Wal-Mart. Moreover, Japanese weren’t used to the fact that a store was open 24 hours per day. Such misunderstandings cause huge trouble. For some situations we cannot prepare. However, it would have been important for WalMart to analyze the Japanese culture in depth before starting business there. If we look at everyday life it is safe to say that all people have the problem how to cope with people’s relationship to time, nature and other human beings. The solutions how to get a grip on these problems differ from culture to culture. Consequently, it is important to be aware of the cultural differences of each country. Trompenaars and Hofstede give some propositions how to classify cultures. 2 2. Cultural Dimensions of Hofstede and Trompenaars 2. 1. Hofstedes’ Dimensions Geert Hofstede filtered out 5 dimensions which indicate how people are influenced by their culture especially in the workplace. The first dimension refers to identity. The dimension Collectivism vs. individualism reflects the relationship between an individual and the group. In more individualistic societies the emphasis is put on freedom, personal achievement and individual identity. Consequently, ties in a group (e. g. he family, workgroup) are loose. People manifest a higher incentive for self-initiative and try to take care of themselves. In contrast, collectivistic cultures place great value on the common interest of a group, harmony between members and taking care of each other. There is a clear distinction between inand outsiders. If an outsider takes face of one group member the entire group feels offended and avoids contact with the troublemaker. Secondly, Power Distance deals with hierarchy and the degree of inequality between members of a society which is adopted as a natural state of affairs. In high power distance countries inequality in physical and intellectual capabilities is considered to be normal. Subordinates are in for displaying obedience to the boss. There is a pronounced sense of hierarchy and people enjoying a high status reveal their power. Whereas societies that rank low on power distance play down hierarchy and stress equality. There is no focus on titles and positions and leaders do not exhibit their skills obviously. Masculinity vs. Femininity is about relationship between gender and work roles. In male-dominated cultures sex roles are sharply differentiated. There is a clear role distribution which suggests itself in the fact that men are superior to women and men normally occupy management positions. Hence, the focus is on achievement, competition and ‘fighting’. However, in female oriented cultures genders are less distinguished and both genders play the same role. These cultures stress care, compromise and harmony. The fourth dimension called Uncertainty Avoidance aims at the way people try to get a grip on unpredictable and ambiguous situations. People living in a culture with strong uncertainty avoidance have fear of the unknown. Therefore elaborate rules, regulations, and clear orders exist. Cultures with a low uncertainty avoidance tolerate differences, unanticipated situations and are more open toward change. People make decisions which are subject to individual discretion and which are based on more universal rules. Long-Term Orientation vs. Short-Term Orientation relate to the choice between future and present virtue. In other words, Hofstede’s last dimension can be seen as an indicator for a society’s attitude toward time and tradition. Values associated with Long-Term Orientation are thrift, filial piety and perseverance. Young people should sacrifice their pleasures of their life at their young age for the sake of the benefit of their future. Values associated with Short Term Orientation are respect for tradition, fulfilling social obligations, and protecting one’s ‘face’. Consequently, this orientation is more oriented toward the past and the present. 3 2. 2. Trompenaars’ Dimensions Trompenaars explored how people relate in private, business life and moral conflicts. Afterwards he extracted seven dimensions. The first dimension Universalism vs. Particularism can be prescribed with key words as rules vs. elationships. In universalistic cultures people are supposed to strictly adhere to standards and rules. Consequently, infringing the right (regardless of the reason) is equivalent to undermining morals and should be punished. There are no exceptions. In particularistic societies obligations to the closer surrounding enjoy highest priority. Protecting your members (e. g. fam ily, friends) is more important than observing law. In case of Collectivism vs. Individualism the question arises if people attribute more importance to oneself or to the group. In individualistic cultures there is a clear distinction of individuals within a group. It is common that personal achievement is rewarded and people are motivated to improve their individual performance in order to be promoted. Representatives of a group or a company are allowed to make binding decisions on their own. In collectivistic cultures people identify themselves with the group. High achievement of one person is put down to the good performance of the entire group and thus success is shared within the group. Only the whole team or at least a certain number of members make decisions and take responsibility. You read "Trompenaars vs. Hofstede" in category "Essay examples" The dimension Neutral vs. Affective deals with the range of expressed feelings. Neutral societies avoid to demonstrate feelings and strong gestures and hence try to display controlled behavior. If someone reveals anger or aggression this behavior is tantamount to unprofessionalism. Discussions are lead on a factual level. However, in affective cultures expression of feelings either verbally or nonverbally is normal. People expect direct emotional answers and appreciate vital and animated expressions. In the fourth place, Diffuse vs. Specific relates to the strategies and approaches for getting to know each other. People living in a specific/low context culture pursue a purpose in relating with another person, thus prefer direct and to the point communication. People clearly distinguish between private and business life e. g. titles are used in the job world not in private life. As the private sphere is relatively small only few people take part in one’s private life. In diffuse/high context cultures every life space permeates all others which means that everything is connected to everything. Even employers can take an active part of the worker’s private life. Achievement vs. Ascription refers to the accord of status. Achieved status is equivalent to success because of taking action. Managers are of different age and gender as they have reached the position due to performance, knowledge and skills. Ascribed status represents the opposite side. High status does not have to be justified. It is rather independent of task or specific function. Often external factors like age, gender, connections, education and family background decide on the status. The sixth dimension Sequential vs. Synchronic deals with time management. In synchronic cultures the emphasis is on the number of activities taking place in parallel. People place great value on the targets and not on the way and sequence an objective will be reached. Consequently, deadlines are untypical as the schedule is open for unplanned incidents. In general, relationship is more important than tight schedules. In sequential societies events which are often slated in a plan pass step by step. Tight order, punctuality and deadlines are of paramount importance. As a result, people are unable to act in turbulent environments and dislike unanticipated situations. Relationships serve as instruments and thus are inferior to schedules. 4 Last but not least the dimension Internal Control vs. External Control is about human’s relation to nature. This can be transcended to human’s relation to an organization, government and the market. In internal controlled cultures people have the conviction to be able to control their environment even if they have to use aggressiveness. Nature is equivalent to a complex machine which can be controlled if someone could develop an expertise. Therefore success and failure should be put down to the individual endeavors rather than to environment and general-set up. However, in external controlled societies environment is taken more into account because people consider themselves to be a part of nature. As external forces can strongly influence one’s life people try to be in harmony with their environment. They adapt to their surroundings, e. g. to customers, to their colleagues or they react flexibly to market forces. Afterwards they try to react in an appropriate way. 3. Analogies or identities of the cultural dimensions Trompenaars and Hofstede filtered out the same dimension Individualism vs. Collectivism. These ideologies are the platform for political and economic systems. China is a textbook example for a collectivistic country whereas the United States represent an individualistic country. In China ‘we’ occupies center stage and members of a group experience improvement of their life by taking care of each other and by maintaining harmony. Consequently, pay-for-performance of a single person is rejected in collectivistic cultures. Bonus payment to one person does not reflect the fact that the whole group contributes to success of each single group member. Reward of a single person would only destroy harmony within the group and would demotivate essential teamwork. However, in the US people rather concentrate on their own life. Each person takes the responsibility to improve one’s situation by working hard on one’s own. Bonus payment stimulates the propensity to perform better and to stand out against workmates. Trompenaars dimension Universalism vs. Particularism goes hand in hand with Individualism vs. Collectivism. Americans being universalists and individualists emphasize equal treatment of everyone according to the law. E. g. If the best friend killed someone the universalist giving testimony would tell the truth in order to adhere to the law. The relationship to the friend would be neglected just to restore order as killing someone is immoral. As opposed to this, in China relationship is superior to law. The Chinese friend would lie to protect the friend who is in real trouble. The dimension Specific vs. Diffuse reveals some analogies with regard to the dimension Individualism vs. Collectivism. In specific countries or low context countries, e. g. America, business is done even if both parties haven’t established a relationship. Long communication is not necessary as the contract contains every little detail. This demonstrates that the emphasis is put on the task and on the achievement of the individual representing the company rather than on the relationship. Whereas in China companies would only strike a deal if a relationship was established successfully. In diffuse/high context cultures privacy sphere is only marginal and confidence decides on business operation. In other words, relationship and group orientedness is superior to task. 5 Individualism vs. Collectivism also correlates with Short-Term-orientation/Long-Termorientation. In East-Asian countries, e. g. China, Hong Kong, Taiwan the relationship between workers and management in a company is vital. This fact can be put down to Confucianism and the concept of reciprocal obligation. Bosses protect their workers and offer them a life-time employment. In return, their subordinates are loyal and respectful. Everyone (the whole group) is responsible to contribute to the long-lasting success in the company. In Western countries, e. g. the United States people are not keen on life-time employment. They want to change their job if they have an opportunity for a better career. Managers siphon off high bonus (short term) payments if the company’s profits and numbers in the last business year are excellent. As a result, managers are not interested in sustainability but in short-term profit. Individualism vs. Collectivism influences Trompenaars dimension Internal Control/External Control. The political system collectivism goes hand in hand with the economic system command economy. Even if China is a mixed economy government controls life of its citizens and of each individual e. g. via censorship. Consequently, Chinese people are externalistic as government (metaphor for environment) actively shapes their lives and people haven’t had control over government. Contrary to this, Germans living in individualism and market economy are internalistic. Companies can function as lobbyists and can actively influence governmental activities. Another two dimensions which have similarities are Hofstede’s Power Distance and Trompenaars Achievement vs. Ascription. The Indian Caste system reflects High Power Distance. If someone was born into the lowest group (Shudra) of the caste system (let alone the Untouchables) this person will always belong to this caste. Shudras have to accept the fact that they will always be inferior to people belonging to the upper castes. The caste determines the quality of life including the profession. A Brahmin, belonging to the highest caste, will always be respected and occupies the most powerful standing in society. This fact equates with Ascription as the Indian cadre originates from a renowned family background and has normally reached a decent age. Subordinates are loyal and respectful as they can only survive with the help of the upper castes and thus are highly dependent on them. Hence, superiors dictate the conditions and take responsibility for everything. The hierarchy within the caste system is reflected in a steep hierarchy in companies and institutions. Germany being a Low Power Distance country can be considered as the opposite. Family background could help to find a job but doesn’t decide on the career track of a person. If someone distinguishes oneself from the mass because of excellent performance and great talent this person will probably climb up the career ladder. This example can be clearly associated with Trompenaars dimension achievement. It is also very important to remark that both staff and bosses should be treated almost equally as the roles and positions can be changed very fast due to achievement. Even if some analogies match with my example this doesn’t mean that the two dimensions compared have similarities in all areas and situations. I extracted some points of intersection. 6 4. Differences of the dimensions The other dimensions not mentioned in the prior passage may sometimes have minor similarities which are notwithstanding outweighed by the differences of their meanings. I deliberately turned my back on the analogies between the dimensions of the same author. Geert Hofstede concentrated on the subject how cultural differences influence organization, management and relationship between people whereas Trompenaars shed some light on people’s relationship to time, nature and other human beings. Trompenaars neglected the topic gender which deals with a substantial question how the roles in the family are defined. This also manifests itself in the management structure of a company. In female oriented cultures, e. g. n Scandinavian countries men go on parental leave and women equally occupy leading positions. Whereas in a male- oriented culture like Germany a dog-eats-dog society has been generated, in Norway a woman striving for her own benefit and thus threatening cooperation and harmony will be looked down upon. Trompenaars did not deal with search for Truth. Hofstede’s Uncertainty Avoidance indicates how people try to grapple with unstruct ured situations. United States e. g. ranking low on Uncertainty Avoidance are not risk averse. The current financial crisis was triggered by hazardous behavior. American banks granted credits to people who couldn’t afford them. Germany ranking high on the uncertainty avoidance is often criticized for its bureaucracy. Elaborate rules and regulations should avoid uncertainty, can however cause a lot of paper work. One can also find some topics Hofstede did not have a focus on. Firstly, Hofstede did not consider the range of feelings expressed (neutral vs. emotional) which of course determine communication and behavior of people. Secondly, Hofstede did not describe the dimension dealing with range of involvement (diffuse vs. specific). Last but not least Hofstede did not mention explicitly time management (sequential vs. synchronic). 5. Advantages and Risks seeing the world and cultures with dimensions It is safe to say that dimensions can help people (that have never been to a certain country) to become more sensitive for intercultural understanding. Not until people are aware of idiosyncrasies of their own culture they can easier get to know other cultures. If someone (e. g. an expatriate) is undetermined in which country to go dimensions can help to get a first impression and contain the number of possible destinations depending on the criteria. After having chosen a country the expatriate should acquire theoretical knowledge about important symbols, rituals and common manners. Being abroad he/she can try to apply dimensions practically especially during the first days in the new surrounding as the person does not know how to behave properly. Most notably at the first meeting people need a first point of orientation to avoid big no go’s. 7 However, getting to know other cultures means learning by doing and trial by error. According to the iceberg model visible and expected occurrences account for only 10%. Consequently, 90% of our experiences with other cultures happen unsuspectedly. That’s why we should not overestimate and read too much into dimensions. A risk which arises when applying dimensions is to misunderstand and misuse them. The peculiarity of a dimension is highly dependent on the situation and on the counterpart’s personality. Dimensions do not reflect individual cultural preferences but convey an average and general behavior of the population living in a culture. An adverse effect is also that stereotypes are created and reinforced. Another problem point is that Hofstede carried out his studies (which serve as basis for the dimensions) at the end of the 60s. These studies are only a snapshot and did not take into consideration that culture evolves over time. Especially changes in economic or political environment, e. g. the demise of Communism in Eastern Europe or globalization, heavily affect transformation of cultures. Apart from that, both authors assumed that there is a one-to-one correspondence between culture and nation state which is sometimes not the case. In some countries, e. g. Canada, more than one culture can be found. There are even major differences of behavior between regions of a country. 6. Effects on practice operation Before going abroad expatriates should grasp how much preparation is required to cope with the difference between the own and the foreign culture. Even if an expatriate cannot prepare for the unexpected situations abroad preparation should lead to willingness of flexibility and adaption while interacting with foreigners. However, an expatriate should know the future task in the foreign country which indicates the role and needed appearance of the expatriate. This depends on the target and the way of the company how to expand internationally. If a company opts for setting-up a new subsidiary abroad, the so called greenfield start, optimally a group of expatriates is sent to a foreign country. The task of the expatriates is to find out whether the strategy and the culture of the company can be reconciled with the foreign culture. They experience intensively foreign norms and values and try to recruit suitable locals in order to build up the new plant together. The difficulty is to decide if it is worthwile to establish a company in this country. It is evident that this decision should not be made on the basis of the dimensions. Secondly, the foreign members should be conscious of the fact that national values and norms have to be brought in line with the native corporate culture. This will only happen if the expatriates and the foreign workers could successfully build confidence so that the foreigners feel also loyal to a foreign company. My initial example with Wal-Mart showed that the company failed to apply a right strategy. If a company plans an acquisition with a foreign country expatriates should first analyze the business culture of the own and the future company. Moreover, expatriates should consider also the foreign culture! There is a high potential of conflicts as normally the managers of the foreign company are made redundant and are superseded by expatriates. The question is if those expatriates will be accepted by the national workers and if they are capable of doing successfully business in the foreign surrounding. 8 Irrespective of the distinct possibilities to enter a foreign market intercultural sensitivity (both of the own and the foreign country) is the be-all and end-all. Therefore it is of paramount importance to go abroad as prepared and unprejudiced as possible. If expatriates succeed internalizing these facts they can close the distance gap between two companies operating in distinct countries. 7. Personal meaning and consequences of the dimensions My next job abroad will be as an intern not as an expatriate. That’s why I will refer to my internship in China. Generally speaking it would be easier for me to do my internship in countries where I can speak the language (German, English, French, Polish, Spanish). It is obvious that mainly Western countries are involved (e. g. America, European countries). All of them embrace democracy and in large part stress individualism. The frame’ would be alike and I could concentrate on concept of time, privacy, and way of life. However, in countries were political and economic systems are at odds with democracy almost everything is different like in China. Dimensions confirm this statement. I deliberately chose a country which is unfamiliar to me as this poses a considerable challenge. The problem point is that I am permanently influenced by Western media. This leads to the fact that my subconsciousness would like to dictate that the opposite culture is different and thus ‘wrong’. I personally do not think that the other culture is ‘wrong’. I am more afraid of putting my foot in it in momentous situations. Firstly, I am used to sharing my experiences with others and of being in a group, but in a smaller one. The size of the group (especially the quantity of people on the street) will be a change. Secondly, I am used to voicing my opinion freely and saying ‘yes or no’ even in team work. This will not be possible anymore as I should not take someone’s face and indirectly the face of the group. I should get used to going around in circles particularly during discussions. Apart from that it is normal for me to solve problems when they arise. However, I have to adapt the fact that I should circumvent it. Ignoring these factors could lead to tensions which would have detrimental effects on the relationship between the staff and me. I am dependent on their explanation! Even if I think that in a special case the ‘German’ way of doing it would be more appropriate and efficient these thoughts should not prevail! My individual target and opinion should not be on top anymore! In general, I am a optimistic person and I like it to smile. In China people smile even if they are angry. It will be a challenge for me to estimate the feelings correctly and to deal with it. Also the perception of time and structure pose risks to me as I will certainly be confused if deadlines are not met and order is neglected. These are only few situations and points which could cause trouble and uncertainty. My examples reflect some of the dimensions, e. g. individualism vs. collectivism, diffuse vs. specific, uncertainty avoidance,†¦ Despite everything I look forward to my experience abroad and consider this seminar paper as a minor part of my preparation. 9 How to cite Trompenaars vs. Hofstede, Essay examples